Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik1, Ljudmila Koprivec1:
Gradbeni odpadki kot surovina v trajnostnem grajenem okolju
DOI 10.15292/IU-CG.2020.08.028-036 |
UDK 628.477.6 |
POSLANO: 10/2020 |
PREGLEDANO: 11/2020 |
OBJAVLJENO: 11/2020Organizacija: 1 Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Slovenija
POVZETEK
Grajeno okolje zahteva čedalje večje količine surovinskih virov, hkrati pa nosi pomemben del odgovornosti za nastajajoče odpadke. Do odpadkov prihaja v celotnem življenjskem ciklusu, čeprav se v začetnih fazah nastajanja gradiv deklarirajo kot industrijski odpadki, ob gradnji, obnovi in rušitvi objektov pa prihaja do gradbenih odpadkov. Gradbeni odpadki, ki so sicer med vsemi najbolj voluminozni, imajo velik potencial v krožnem gospodarstvu. Vračanje odsluženih gradiv in komponent med surovinske vire bo omogočilo zaprt krog življenjskega ciklusa gradiv, brez odpadkov, ki bi končali izven gradbenega sektorja. Trajnostna načela gradnje vključujejo štiri osnovne strategije – izogibanje odpadkom, ponovno uporabo gradiv in komponent, njihovo nadaljnjo uporabo in recikliranje. Možnost obdelave gradbenih odpadkov in njihovega vračanja v proces gradnje je odvisna od vrste prevladujočih materialov, ki sestavljajo konstrukcijske elemente stavbe in ločljivosti/neločljivosti konstrukcijskih zvez. Arhitekt ima odgovorno nalogo pri zmanjševanju količin gradbenih odpadkov, saj zasnova stavbe postaja ključna pri obvladovanju gradbenih odpadkov. Konstrukcija s potencialom za smotrno razgradnjo na koncu življenjske dobe stavbe vključuje več konceptov – izbor gradiv z nizkim potencialom obremenjevanja z gradbenimi odpadki, projektiranje razstavljivih kompozitnih gradiv in konstrukcij ter projektiranje enovitih konstrukcij. V prispevku so evidentirani odpadki, ki nastajajo zaradi grajenega okolja. Predstavljeni so koncepti arhitekturnih zasnov s potencialom zmanjšanja količin gradbenih odpadkov in njihovega vračanja med surovinske vire.
KLJUČNE BESEDE
gradbeni odpadki, krožno gradbeništvo, recikliranje, ponovna uporaba, urbano rudarjenje, digitalni potni list gradiv
CELOTEN ČLANEK
https://iu-cg.org/paper/2020/IU-CG.2020.08.028-036.pdf (2.76 MB)
CITAT
Zbašnik-Senegačnik, M., Koprivec, L. (2020). Gradbeni odpadki kot surovina v trajnostnem grajenem okolju. Igra ustvarjalnosti - Creativity Game, (8), 28-36. https://doi.org/10.15292/IU-CG.2020.08.028-036
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